3 Phase Dc Motor Working Principle

By | May 28, 2022



The three phase DC motor is an incredibly reliable and efficient form of electrical machinery with many applications in industrial, automation, robotic and transportation use. It has been around for over 100 years and its development and production continues to this day. The working principle of three phase DC motor is dependent on the magnetic fields created by the rotors. This article will explore the working principle of three phase DC motors in detail.

To understand how three phase DC motors work, it is important to firstly understand the basics of magnetism and electricity. Electric current produces a magnetic field and when two magnetic fields interact with each other, there is a force generated between them. This force is what causes the rotation of the motor. The principles of three phase DC motor working are based on this very phenomenon.

In three-phase DC motors, electric current is supplied to the stator windings, which produce three separate magnetic fields. The rotor consists of a permanent magnet or electromagnet and interacts with the three magnetic fields, resulting in a torque that drives the rotor. As the rotor turns, the relative position of the rotor and stator magnetic fields changes, causing the torque to alternate direction and the rotor to continue spinning.

The speed of the motor is determined by the voltage applied to the stator and the strength of the rotor’s magnetic field. By controlling the voltage and the strength of the magnetic field, the speed of the three phase DC motor can be controlled. Additionally, the power output of the motor can also be adjusted by altering the number of poles in the rotor and stator, as well as the size of the windings.

The design of three phase DC motors is simple, but their reliability and efficiency makes them ideal for a wide range of applications from powering small robots to large industrial machinery. With their low cost and rugged construction, they are also a great choice for robotic applications in hostile environments.

In conclusion, three phase DC motors are highly reliable and efficient, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. Their ability to be precisely controlled and the relatively low cost make these motors an attractive choice for robotic and industrial applications. Understanding the basic principles of how they work is essential for proper design and implementation of these motors for any project.


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